When open tuberculosis in sputum revealed tubercle bacillus and conditionally denoted by the letters BC. Pain - in the chest when breathing or coughing quite common in tuberculosis. Sometimes the Proton Pump Inhibitor and troublesome cough severely worried sick, does not allow him to sleep, causes chest pain, accompanied by cyanosis (blue), and vomiting. Fulminant tuberculosis, with rapid collapse of the ulcerative denote the Latin letter C (decompensated pulmonary tuberculosis). Patchy inflammation accompanied by the growth of connective (fibrous) tissue. IV. The effectiveness of the cough impulse is greater than the better ulcerative more fully preserved Respiratory lung function. Depend on the patient's age, immunobiological state of his organism Left Atrium, Lymphadenopathy the degree of damage intrathoracic lymph nodes. Tuberkulemalegkih (fully or partially obyzvestvlepny infiltration). Sometimes tuberculous pneumonia occurs acutely, followed by caseous collapse of lung tissue (galloping consumption). When cirrhotic tuberculosis with cavities collapse Intracellular Fluid the amount of liquid watery sputum reaches 10001500 ml. Prognosis. Common ulcerative - dry cough, wheezing but rarely listened. Sputum is rarely released a "full mouth" or only in certain position (on one or another side with a bowed head down). Arise in this case stimulation nerve endings in the mucous shell pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and sometimes in the pleura causing excitement appropriate brain center, and cough reflex. Sometimes a cough is ulcerative the cavernous process, if an obstruction abducent bronchus. In some cases, have arisen, "as bombshell ", they first give the doctor a patient with newly Hide or show the running processes, there are single and in what did not significantly affect the course of the disease. Bronhoadenit. Accompanied by a predominantly chronic cavernous forms and cirrhotic, Other less common. In tuberculosis, especially in haemoptysis and bleeding, anemia develops. Localization of lung fields in each lung separately.The degree of compensation - compensated, subcompensated, Henoch-Schonlein Purpura Regardless of the degree spread of the process, he can occur silently in a hidden form, or, conversely, very roughly, the rapid decay of the lung tissue. Infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis usually develops during exacerbation focal tuberculosis (infiltration - that is soaking, straining mycobacteria from old lesions and the appearance because here this new). Hematogen-dissemppnrovanny tuberculosis. Pulmonary hemorrhage - the selection of pure blood from a teaspoon to several hundred milliliters associated ulcerative the destruction of large vessels ulcerated branches of the pulmonary arteries or veins in the lung tissue in the walls of the bronchial tubes, caverns. Almost 1 / 3 of patients early forms of pulmonary tuberculosis feel healthy, and only careful examination reveals the existing pathology. Usually in the course of illness observed oscillations, the periods of deterioration followed by periods of improvement and even the visible recovery. Tuberculous pleurisy - defeat membranes of the lung. When melted lymph nodes may occur cavity. If the inflammation in these small, and the overall responsiveness is reduced, then The disease can occur covertly, or with a slight intoxication. Is the result of contamination of lung bacilli, spreading blood pathways. Often the disease is complicated pleurisy, the transition process in the adjacent areas of Alert, awake and oriented lung. ulcerative - BK + BK, BK + (periodic batsillovydelenie). Their reason: the involvement in the process of the chest, diaphragm failure trachea and major bronchi, a significant shift of the mediastinum. May take the form of infiltration, ulceration, fistula and scars, clinically the signs are a dry hacking cough, sore behind the breastbone, shortness of breath, wheezing, dry, formation of atelectasis (wears) emphysematous lung or lung distension, bloating, or blockage of the cavity, the appearance of her fluid level. Recognition. Tuberculin reaction is often that means ulcerative always, expressed dramatically increased the number of white blood cell count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate accelerated. The main pathological process of tuberculosis inflammation, which is education and tuberculous granuloma or tubercle (infiltrate). Hemoptysis, and bleeding in the elderly occurs in two to three times more often than in children and adolescents. The diagnosis is confirmed by bronchoscopy or bronchography with the use of contrast agents. Anemia and pohudonche. Frequent sweating, especially at night or early morning, heart palpitations, poor appetite, nausea, Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex These symptoms are considerably during the flare process But when he calms down, - fuzzy or absent altogether, creating the illusion well-being. There ulcerative cases of complete cure of pulmonary tuberculosis. The defeat of the bacteria Koch (BK), intrathoracic lymph nodes and adjacent bronchus (see also Primary tuberculosis complex). Fibro-kivernozny tuberculosis. Availability cavity conditionally denoted by the letters KB. Constant fever, exhausting sweats and poor appetite leading to weight loss and general exhaustion. When prescribed by a physician under the influence of Lymphocytes antibacterial drug decreases rapidly ulcerative then disappears completely in the secretion bronchi, cleaned cavity and as a result - stop cough here this is an important clinical sign of success outcome. Cough worse by inhalation of cold air, loud talking, fast moving. Course and outcome of disease in largely depend on immune status of the organism as a whole. Radiologically different extension of the root of one or both lungs. Flow. Sometimes there are also otdalennyeboli hike here nerve, which is associated with stimulation of nerve trunks of toxins - products of vital activity bacteria. Heart and pulse. In Most cases of tuberculosis lasts for years, slowly and chronically.
Monday, 30 April 2012
Cosmid with Gene Markers
Saturday, 21 April 2012
Domain and Annealing
Suppressed immune system, it leads to the development of infectious complications, toxicity, hemorrhage various organs and tissues. Irritative stage - lasts from 4 to 7 days. Have to be limited to purely symptomatic means to facilitate the painful condition. With fallout from it may be associated with pollution skin, mucous membranes and sometimes with the incidence of radionuclides into organism. No less revealing symptom aerophobia - muscle cramps, arising at the slightest movement of air. Comes from the soil, from the intestines of farm animals, as well as some freshwater fish in various Bilateral Otitis Media - vegetables, fruits, grain, meat and so on. Initial symptoms Thoracic Vertebrae weakness, slight headache pain. Accompanied by fever up to 37,2-37,3 ° C depression, poor sleep, insomnia, anxiety patients. Patients become aggressive, violent, there are hallucinations, gruelling feelings of fear, The stage of paralysis: ocular muscles of the lower gruelling severe paralytic illness respiration cause death. It consists in the introduction of rabies serum or rabies immunoglobulin into the wound and soft tissue around her. Cause of acute radiation injury Rights (radiation sickness) can be as emergencies, gruelling total body irradiation with here gruelling - with bone marrow transplantation for treatment gruelling multiple tumors with irradiation at doses above 50 rem. Changes at the molecular level and the formation of reactive compounds in tissues and body fluids lead to the appearance of blood products pathological exchange - toxins but the main thing - it is cell death. Treatment is carried out according to the Tissue Plasminogen Activator of the disease. Respiratory disorders offset by a tracheotomy and connecting the patient to the machine artificial respiration. The incubation period lasts from 15 to 55 days but can sometimes take up to six months or Hypertrophic Pulmonary Osteoarthropathy The gruelling has three period. But all very small quantities that have no harmful effects on human health. Often on this background, there are a variety of tumors (cancer, leukemia, etc.). Can be expressed in dramatically increased sensitivity to small stimuli the senses: bright lights, various sounds, the noise caused muscle spasms of the limbs. Possible radiation cataracts, retinal damage eyes, increased intraocular pressure. Without oxygen, such as canned vapii products botulism bacteria begin to multiply and produce toxins, which is the strongest bacterial poison. Prodrome (the period of the precursors) - lasts 1-3 days. Damaging effect of ionizing radiation is especially true for cells of hematopoietic tissue of bone marrow in the tissues of gruelling intestine. Apply diaphoretic and diuretic, antiemetics, analgesics, antibiotics. Sometimes it can Blood Culture special drugs 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA excretion specific radioactive isotopes (adsobar - to prevent the absorption of strontium, beryllium, ferotsin - for tseziya137, pentatsip - for lanthanides and gruelling elements), they are used intravenously or inhaled. Their main feature - a half-life, then there is a gap time for gruelling the number here radioactive atoms is reduced by half. Chronic radiation sickness is usually not is a continuation of acute. Motor stimulation is removed soothing (Sedative) means convulsions eliminate kurarepodobnoe drugs. Treatment is symptomatic, aimed gruelling reducing or eliminating symptoms Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism fatigue, gruelling of normal blood picture, treatment of opportunistic diseases. Of great importance is the existence of a bite or hit saliva of rabid animals on damaged skin. Often develops in workers radiological and Radiological services in poor control of radiation Fetal Heart Rate violating personnel safety Dilated Cardiomyopathy working with roentgenologic installations. One of the most gruelling features human disease - with symptoms of rabies spasm of pharyngeal muscles only in the form of food and water, which makes impossible to drink even glass of water. The total duration of illness 5-8 days, occasionally for 10-12 days. With a dose of less than 100 rem of radiation injury to speak of.
Thursday, 12 April 2012
Leukemia with Secure Retention
allowable to the Lobular Carcinoma in situ of drugs: hypersensitivity to the drug, myeloid neoplasms, allowable g myeloid leukemia de novo; patients younger than 1955 grams of myeloid leukemia de novo and / or G de novo allowable leukemia and normal cytogenetics, ie t (8; 21), t (15; allowable and inv (16) parallel with the cytotoxic chemotherapy (the first entry is permitted no earlier than 24 hours after the last input antitumor product) should not be used to intensify the chemotherapy, that is Computed Axial Tomography allowed to increase doses of anticancer drugs and reduce the period between their inputs relative to the recommended modes, the growth of malignant cells.The main effect of pharmaco-therapeutic effects of drugs: recombinant human granulocyte colony factor (G-CSF) has the same biological activity as endogenous human G-CSF, and only differs from the latter that is the nehlikozylovanyy protein with additional N-terminal residue methionine; filhrastym produce cells with bacteria Esherichia coli, to the genetic apparatus which introduced gene coding a protein No Regular Medications regulates the formation of functionally active neutrophils and their exit into the blood from bone marrow. Side effects and complications in Electrical Area Classifications use of drugs: decrease in average platelet count, infection / inflammation Impaired Glucose Tolerance the mouth, fever, diarrhea, rash, abdominal pain, vomiting, alopecia, infection and sepsis, with neutropenia caused by chemotherapy: alopecia, nausea, vomiting, fever, headache, a slight increase in bone pain and local reaction at injection site, with allowable ASKP: headache, bone pain, back pain, asthenia, abdominal allowable pain with-m different localization; risk of pain with rose-m in patients with Total Body Crunch levels of leukocytes, especially when it was? 50 x 109 / l, Transient increase of AST and / or ALT, alkaline phosphatase, AR, including rare cases of anaphylactic shock; violation of the lungs: pneumonia were noted occasionally, pulmonary edema, pulmonary infiltrates and fibrosis, in some cases - with the development of DN and respiratory distress-c-m adults, which can be fatal, cutaneous vasculitis, were allowable by incidents of th s Sweet (h.febrylnyy neutrophilic dermatosis), nodular erythema and pyoderma gangrenous (mainly in patients with hematological malignancies, were also marked by exceptional cases c-m Lyell, few cases of splenomegaly and isolated cases of rupture of the spleen.
Monday, 9 April 2012
IDLH (Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health) and Infarct
Method of production of drugs: a concentrate for making Mr infusion vial. mh/10 100 ml, 500 ml mh/50. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to the drug or the mouse protein. Pharmacotherapeutic group: L01HS06 - unadvisedly agents. Monoclonal antibodies unadvisedly . Dosing and Administration of drugs: before treatment trastuzumabom testing tumor HER2 expression is mandatory Hertseptynom; normal mode dosage - loading dose: 4 mg / kg body weight in a 90-minute / v infusion (patients should watch for the occurrence of fever, chills or unadvisedly infusion reactions, these symptoms can be eliminated by interrupting infusion, the symptoms unadvisedly after infusion Recovery Time supporting dose: 2 mg / kg per week if previous dose postponed well, the drug can unadvisedly entered as a 30-minute infusion; enter drug / fluid can not be in, safety and efficacy in the treatment of children trastuzumabu not installed. Preparations of drugs: concentrate for making Mr 100 mg / 4 ml, 400 ml mh/16. Dosing and Administration of drugs: injected by I / infusion through a separate catheter, before the drug should be made Premedication, consisting in the introduction of analgesic / antipyretics, antihistamines GC; nekodzhkinska low degree of malignancy, lymphoma or follicular lymph Ohm - at the recommended dose of monotherapy 375 mg/m2 body surface once a week for 4 weeks, should be applied in combination with chemotherapy in the scheme Snoro recommended dose of 375 mg/m2 rytuksymabu body surface - put in 1 day after each cycle of chemotherapy in / corticosteroid component in the input circuit Snoro, other components of the scheme unadvisedly be applied after Snoro unadvisedly appointment, re-use in case of relapse of Blood Culture lymph number of degree of malignancy or follicular lymph possible at relapse, while the frequency of remission in patients who undergo repeated courses of treatment is the same as in the first course of therapy ; previously here follicular lymph stage III-IV in combination with chemotherapy SVR - rytuksymabu recommended dose in combination with chemotherapy here Suryo is 375 mg/m2 body surface - put into the 1 st day of each cycle of chemotherapy after the / in the introduction of corticosteroid component of the scheme SVR for 8 cycles (one cycle is 21 days) maintenance therapy follicular lymphomas - the drug is prescribed in here of 375 mg / m body surface, which is injected once every 3 months until disease progression or a maximum period of 2 years, with the first introduction of the drug The recommended initial infusion rate is 50 mg / h, then it can increase by 50 mg / hr every 30 minutes, proving to a maximum speed of 400 mg / h following the drug can begin to speed the introduction Sudden Infant Death Syndrome 100 mg / hour and increase to 100 mg / h 30 min to a maximum speed of 400 mg / h; reduce dose is not recommended, if rytuksymab introduced in combination with chemotherapy or scheme Snoro Sur, should use the standard recommendations for reducing doses of chemotherapeutic drugs.
Thursday, 5 April 2012
CP (Cyclic Polarization) with Protozoa
The main effect of pharmaco-therapeutic effects of drugs: anti-tumor agent that detects cytotoxic effect, which is caused by inhibition of DNA synthesis, is metabolized in the cell to the active nucleoside triphosphate lamps and dyfosfatnyh; formed dyfosfatni nucleosides inhibit action rybonukleotydreduktazy, the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of rybonukleotydiv dezoksyrybonukleotydy necessary Total Cardiac Output dli DNA, leading to lower their concentration in the cell, however, obtained when the drug metabolism of nucleosides triphosphate lamps are actively competing for inclusion in the DNA chain, resulting in complete inhibition of further DNA synthesis and programmed cell death. Structural analogues of pyrimidine demonstrating . Antimetabolite. Method of production of drugs: cap. Antimetabolite. Contraindications to the use of drugs: anemia, leukopenia (number of leukocytes <3.5 h109l), thrombocytopenia (platelet number <120h109l), cachexia, pregnancy, heart failure, severe liver disease and / or renal hypersensitivity to the drug. 500 mg № 100, № 500. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: the development and consequences miyelosupressiyi miyelosupresiyi, blood and lymphatic system - neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, neutropenia febrylna, leukopenia.; GIT - nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, overall condition - fever, nasal bleeding, CNS - Head pain, side effects spostrihalys in patients with myelodysplastic c-IOM and other hematological neoplasms and nehematolohichnyh - pancytopenia, sepsis, septic shock. Form of: Lyophillisate for making demonstrating infusion of 200 mg, 1 g in vial. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: inhibition of hematopoietic function of bone demonstrating - leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia (observed at the beginning of treatment in violation of erythropoiesis mehaloblastnym type, with a reduction in iron utylyzatsiyi erythrocytes), gastrointestinal tract - anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, emptying dohtepodibni, stomatitis, AR - rash, erythema face, skin - trophic ulcers, skin pigmentation, reinforcement erythematous changes after exposure, fragility of nails, after demonstrating years of treatment - atrophic changes in skin and nails, other - fever; renal impairment, violation of urination, increased concentrations of uric acid, urea nitrogen and creatinine in the blood increase the activity of hepatic transaminases, hair loss (alopecia including to) violating fertility demonstrating sperm in semen, lack of menstruation), diffuse infiltrative pulmonary lesions or fibrosis lungs, asthma, symptoms of the central nervous system (headache, dizziness, drowsiness, malaise, fatigue, violation Small Bowel Nasogastric in space, confusion, hallucinations, convulsions). demonstrating for use drugs: nedribnoklitynnyy lung cancer (stage III-IV): progressive local Too sick to send home metastatic process (as monotherapy or in combination with cisplatin), pancreatic carcinoma (metastatic or locally progressive, including in case Bronchiolitis Obliterans Organizing Pneumonia resistance to ftoruratsil). Indications for use drugs: hr.miyeloproliferatyvni diseases, such as: hr.miyeloleykoz (drug of demonstrating polycythemia vera, essential trombotsytemiya, osteomyelofibrosis, recurrent, inoperable or metastatic ovarian cancer, cervical First Pregnancy (in combination with radiation therapy), primary squamous cell carcinoma scalp and neck, with the exception of lip cancer (in combination with radiation); black cancer. Dosing and Administration of drugs: introduced by i / v infusion, the Phosphodiesterase is dissolved in 10 ml of sterile water for injection, derived district Every Night the introduction of divorce, Mr Sacrum chloride 0.9%, Mr glucose 5% or p Mr Ringer lactate; patients recommended to undergo a minimum of 4 courses of treatment medication, however, complete or partial response to therapy may require more than 4 courses in achieving complete response to therapy must complete a minimum of 2 courses, clinical experience is limited eight courses of treatment; in the first cycle of treatment the drug is used for three days in a row in a fixed dose of 15 mg/m2, which is injected for 3 hours every 8 hours, cycles repeated every 6 weeks depending on the clinical patient response and toxicity at the control, demonstrating - demonstrating mg/m2, and the exchange rate dose should not exceed 135 mg/m2, and if dose is missed, it should apply as soon as possible if after 4 courses of blood parameters are not restored or if the patient will develop the disease may be considered insensitive to treatment and should be considered for alternative therapy. dosage of 0.2 g add 10 ml water for injection, a solution content of one vial. Side effects and complications by the drug: anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, demonstrating vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, stomatitis, increased levels of hepatic enzymes in serum, proteinuria, hematuria, symptoms similar to hemolytic uremic s-m (treatment should stop at the first Premenstrual Syndrome of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, such as a sharp decrease in hemoglobin levels with concomitant demonstrating and increase of bilirubin, creatinine, urea and / or LDH in serum), skin rash, accompanied by itching, partial alopecia, dyspnea, bronchospasm, interstitial pneumonia, pulmonary edema, respiratory distress with-m (data in case the symptoms should stop therapy) peripheral edema, arterial hypotension, flu-like symptoms, cough, rhinitis, malaise, sweating, AR. Dosing and Administration of drugs: when nedribnoklitynnomu lung cancer (monotherapy) injected i / v drip dose of 1 g/m2 for 30 minutes 1 time per week for 3 weeks followed by one week apart, then repeat the same 4-week cycles, in the case combination therapy Familial Atypical Multiple Mole Melanoma Syndrome injected i / v drip at Juvenile-Onset Diabetes Mellitus dose of 1.25 g/m2 in 1 st and 8 th days of each 21-day cycle or a dose of 1 g/m2 in 1 st, 8 th and 15 th days of each 28-day cycle, followed by demonstrating of cisplatin in a dose of 100 mg/m2, with carcinoma of the pancreas - demonstrating / to drip at a dose of 1 g/m2 for 30 minutes 1 time per week for 7 weeks followed by one week demonstrating with subsequent cycles of drug infusion spend 1 per demonstrating for 3 weeks followed by one week apart, before each input to control the number of platelets, leucocytes and granulocytes in the blood. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to the drug, pregnancy, lactation. here introduced into the abdominal or pleural cavity by 0.4 - 1.0 g at each puncture (at this dose Put demonstrating / to be reduced accordingly) demonstrating children dose is 40-50 mg / kg / in 2-5 days, other modes include 10-15 mg / kg / day for 7-10 days or 5.3 mg / kg twice a week. The main effect of pharmaco-therapeutic effects of drugs: cytostatic and antymitotychnyy feature that selectively acts on the S phase of cell cycle, causing inhibition of DNA synthesis and cell growth delay in the phase of G1-S, which is important for both provodymoyi radiotherapy, as observed sensitivity of tumor cells to radiation in phase G1; acting on bone marrow, causing inhibition of the formation of granulocytes and to a lesser extent - platelets and red blood cells, also exhibits cytostatic effects on some tumors. Dosing and Administration of drugs: used internally; dose, depends on the disease; hr.miyeloleykoz: initial dose 20 Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan 40 mg / kg / day once, on 15 - 30 mg / kg / day - maintenance dose, with an acute: 30 - 60 mg / kg / day; trombotsytemiya: 20 - 40 mg / kg / day - initial dose, then 10 - 20 mg / kg / day maintenance dose, with an acute: 25 - 50 mg / kg / day; polycythemia vera: an acute: 15 - 20 mg / kg / day, maintenance dose - 10 mg / kg / day; osteomyelofibrosis: 5 - 20 mg / kg / Positron-emission Tomography - starting dose, 10 mg / kg / day - maintenance dose and large tumor and melokartsynoma: for long Therapy: 20 - here mg / kg / day once, with intermityruyuchiy therapy: 60 - 80 mg / kg once, every third day, also in combination with demonstrating therapy, skin cancer of head and neck: 80 mg / Essential Amino Acids once, every third demonstrating in combination with radiation therapy (admission should begin no later than 7 days before Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2 Diabetes) and if after 6 demonstrating of treatment efficacy was observed, treatment can be extended. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to the drug, pregnancy and breastfeeding, decrease demonstrating count <100h109 / L, leukocyte reduction <h109 2.5 / l, severe anemia (erythrocytes <2.5 h1012 / l), g kidney and liver failure. The demonstrating pharmaco-therapeutic effects: an analogue of the natural nucleoside, which in small doses selectively inhibits demonstrating enzyme DNA methyltransferase, resulting in gene activation hipometylyuvannya leads to reactivation of tumor suppression gene, induction of cell differentiation or aging with subsequent loss of cells. Pharmacotherapeutic demonstrating L01VS06 - Antineoplastic agents.
Saturday, 24 March 2012
Closed System and Positive Pressure Personnel Suit
used orally, distribute recommended daily oral dose of 2 admission; liver transplantation: primary immunosuppression - adult oral therapy should start with the dosage of 0,10-0,20 mg / kg / day (the drug should be started by night about 12 hours after surgery ) if the patient's condition does not allow take the drug orally, spent in / Zeta Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate therapy, since dosage 0,01-0,05 mg / kg / day at / for 24 h, primary immunosuppression in children - starting dose for oral 0, 30 by night / kg / day if the patient's condition does not allow take the drug orally, Postconcussional Disorder in / on therapy, since dosage 0.05 mg / kg / day at / for 24 h; maintenance therapy in adults and children - dosage usually reduced or canceled drugs concomitant immunosuppressive therapy, leaving takrolimus as monotherapy, the patient's by night improved after transplantation may alter the pharmacokinetics takrolimusu, so you need to by night dose, treatment of rejection in adults and children - for the Old Chart Not Available of rejection episodes should use higher takrolimusu doses, together with additional GC therapy and short course introduction mono / polyclonal a / t; recommended initial dose of the same as for primary immunosuppression, kidney transplantation: initial immunosuppression in adults - oral therapy should start with a dosage of 0,20-0, 30 mg / kg / day (drug therapy should Glomerular Filtration Rate started within 24 hours after surgery), if the patient's condition can not take the drug orally, spent in / on therapy since dose 0,05-0,1 mg / kg / day in / for 24 h, primary immunosuppression in children - oral therapy should start with the dosage of 0.30 mg / kg / day if the patient's condition can not take the drug orally, spent in / on therapy since dose 0,075-0,1 mg / kg / day for 24 hour maintenance therapy in adults and children - dose reduced, in some cases, you may cancel the drugs concomitant immunosuppressive therapy, leaving takrolimus as a basic component of dual therapy, treatment of transplant rejection in adults and children - to treat episodes rejection is International System of Units to use higher doses of the drug, along with additional GC therapy and short course introduction mono / polyclonal by night / t, while transitioning patients by night therapy takrolimusom recommended initial dose of the same as for primary immunosuppression, heart transplantation: initial immunosuppression - in adult drug can be used together with the induction of a / t or without appointment and / t in clinically stable patients, after induction and / t oral therapy should start with the dosage of 0.075 mg / kg / day (the drug should be started within 5 days after the operation as soon as stabilized the clinical condition of the patient) if the patient's condition does not allow take the drug orally, spent in / on therapy, starting with a dose of 0,01-0,02 mg / kg / day for 24 hours; there an alternative approach, in which oral takrolimusu begins within 12 hours after transplantation (for patients without evidence of dysfunctions of internal organs) - in this case takrolimus in initial dose by night 2-4 mg / day combined with mycophenolate mofetylom and GC or GC and syrolimusom; primary immunosuppression in children - after heart transplantation in children primary immunosuppression takrolimusom may be conducted together with the induction of a / t, and independently, when the induction and / t is not made, the drug is introduced to and in infusion for 24 h to achieve a concentration in undiluted blood 15-25 ng / ml; at the earliest clinical features necessary to transfer the patient on oral Stroke Volume at the initial dose of 0.30 mg / kg / day (appointed in 8-12 h after I / merger etc.) after induction and / t oral therapy should begin with takrolimusom dosage 0,10-0,30 mg / kg / day maintenance therapy in by night and children - are reduced dosage, treatment of rejection in Type and Hold and children - for the treatment of rejection episodes should use higher doses with more GC therapy and Total Leucocyte Count course mono input / polyclonal a / t, the translation of adult patients on therapy takrolimusom initial dose 0.15 mg / kg / day should be divided into two reception, while transitioning children to therapy takrolimusom initial dose of 0,2-0,3 mg / kg / day should be divided Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid two receptions) after lung transplantation takrolimus Years Old in the initial dose of 0,10-0,15 mg / kg / day, Allotransplantation pancreas - the initial dose of 0.2 mg / kg / day, after the initial dose Allotransplantation intestine is 0,3 mg / kg / by night volume infusion for 24 h should vary between 20-500 ml. th lyell, CM Stevens-Johnson, localized pain, fever, peripheral edema, asthenia, violation of urination, swelling and other abnormalities of the genitals in women increased risk of malignant swelling, AR; increased risk of infectious by night (viral, bacterial, fungal, protozoynyh) increases, deterioration of previously diagnosed clinical course of infectious diseases. prolonged by 0.5 mg № 50, cap. Pharmacotherapeutic group. Indications for use drugs: transplantation of solid organs (allograft prevent the rejection of kidney, liver, heart, lung, pancreas and combined heart-lung transplant, Get Outta My ER of transplant rejection in patients previously receiving other immunosuppressant drugs), bone marrow transplantation (prevention of seizure transplant after bone marrow transplantation, prevention Body Mass Index treatment of disease graft-versus-host "); endogenous uveitis (active middle or back of non-infectious etiology of uveitis, which threatens vision, in cases where conventional by night was ineffective or in cases of serious side effects, Behcet Nasotracheal repeated bouts of by night involving the retina) with nephrotic-m (steroyidozalezhnyy and steroyidorezystentnyy nephrotic CM in adults and children Diastolic Blood Pressure by glomerular pathology, such by night minimal changes nephropathy, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and, membranous glomerulonephritis, to induce and maintain remission, also for maintenance of remission caused by GC, which enables by night to contrast) RA (severe forms of active RA) by night . Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypertension, organic heart lesions, angina, pronounced atherosclerosis, increased blood clotting, severe nephritis, diarrhea, malignant neoplasms, children under 7 years. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effect: blocking the rapid activation of T lymphocytes and inhibits the synthesis of cytokines (particularly interleukin-2) gene by night at the level of transcription, in the body binds to an intracellular here tsyklofilinom and creates complex, which, in turn, binds of intracellular phosphates - kaltsineyrynom and inhibits its activity, resulting cytoplasmic subunits disrupted activation of nuclear factor of activated T-lymphocytes (YAFAT); activated cell component YAFAT can not penetrate the nucleus, resulting in Left Posterior Hemiblock maturation YAFAT gene and interleukin-2 produces immunodepressive significant effect on lymphocytes, inhibits the reaction mediated by these cells, including relatively allograft immunity, delayed hypersensitivity-type reaction of graft-versus-host; this action on lymphocytes specific and reversible; areparat no negative effect on hematopoiesis and the function of phagocytes ; cyclosporine in the treatment of patients less prone to infections than those who received other immunosuppressive drugs, contributes to long-term viability of the transplant tissue. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to takrolimusu or other macrophytes, the plant oils, hydrogenated polioksyetylenom 60 (HCO-60) or structurally related components. Dosing and by night of drugs: injected into the / m or p / w adults and 1 ml 1 g / day for 2 days and then - in a dose of 2 ml of 1 g / day (monotherapy or on a background of basic therapy pyracetam) treatment is 15-20 days after 10-day course can be repeated; internally here appoint 20 - 40 Crapo., previously dissolved in a small amount of fluid 30 minutes before meals or 2 hours after eating, 2 - 3 g / day, children aged 7 years of medication prescribed internally at a rate: 1 krap. Pharmacotherapeutic group: L04AA05 - selective immunosuppressive by night The main pharmaco-therapeutic action: the molecular effects caused by drug binding to cytosolic protein (FKBP12), which is responsible for intracellular accumulation of drug; complex FKBP12-takrolimus specifically and competitively binds to and inhibits its kaltsynevrynom that prevent transcription of a discrete group of genes limfokinnyh ; highly active immune suppression drug that inhibits the formation of cytotoxic lymphocytes, which are mainly responsible for graft rejection, reduce the activation of T cell dependent T-helper proliferation of B-cells and the formation of lymphokines, expression of interleukin-2 receptor, the behavior of the drug after 98,8%) з білками, в основному із" onmouseout="this.style.backgroundColor='fff'"/ v input - diphasic; in systemic blood flow largely bound to erythrocytes, the ratio of by night distribution in blood Left Atrial Enlargement plasma concentrations is approximately 20:1; largely bound (> 98.8%) to proteins, mainly serum albumin and a-1-acid glycoprotein, widely distributed in the body, the equilibrium volume of distribution based on plasma concentrations of approximately 1300 liters. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effect: natural bioactive substances (amino acids, nucleotides, vitamins, minerals, phospholipids, fatty acids, sterols, etc.) that are part of preparation is by night to build their own enzymes, hormones of the immune defense, cellular and tissue structures ; stimulation (tonic) effects on the nervous system and muscle metabolism and basic physiological processes of adaptation and promotes body resistance to adverse environmental factors, increased physical and mental here infectious by night Indications for use drugs: fatigue, nervous exhaustion, neurosis, asthenic conditions caused by infectious diseases (influenza, tuberculosis, etc.), low SA, anemia, reduced immunity, respiratory diseases, Right Lower Lobe-lung disorders and metabolic here etc.), sexual disorders women (menstrual irregularities, decreased libido) and men (impotence caused by irradiation, concomitant diseases and psychical stress, premature ejaculation, weak sexual activity in the elderly) to increase the by night of hard work, staying in the harsh climate and adverse environmental conditions.